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Diabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care. Management of a patient with diabetes needs the services of a range of health care personnel
Type-2 diabetes is now preventable. The prevention of diabetes by life style modification, including adequate exercise is more effective in preventive diabetes than drug therapy. Most people with diabetes suffer from musculoskeletal complications which might include frozen shoulder, Back pain or osteoarthritis and many people with Type-1 diabetes develop a syndrome of limited joint mobility. Physiotherapy is a modern medical science which involves physical treatment techniques, such as exercise, massage and the use of electrotherapeutic and mechanical agents rather than drug therapy for the management of a condition. Physiotherapy has got important role not only in the management of disabilities but also in the management of diabetes, for control of sugar level. Exercise has got tremendous role in regulating the diabetes. It lowers blood sugar level, decrease excessive body fat, decrease triglyceride, increased high density lipoprotein, decrease atherosclerosis, decrease cardiovascular and peripheral vascular disease and also increase sensitivity of insulin. Best exercise advised or given by a physiotherapist when a diabetic patient is disabled. So-that physiotherapy has a vital role in the
management and prevention of diabetes.
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple cause characterized by chronic increase glucose level with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat & protein metabolism. The effect of chronic hyperglycemia including long term damage dysfunction and failure of various organs especially nerves, kidney, eyes, heart & blood vessels. Now a day, diabetes is an epidemic form. As the diabetes epidemic grows in size and complexity, there is an increasing realization that physicians alone are unable to provide the care required by people with diabetes. To help them live life to the fullest, people with condition need the services of a range of health care personnel, including diabetologist, physiotherapist, dietitians, podiatrists, psychologist & eye specialist. However, the potential of some specialties, such as physiotherapy, has hardly been exposed.
Physiotherapy is now increasing its demand with awareness of its effects. By the physical treatment techniques, such as exercise, massage, use of electrotherapeutic and mechanical agent it plays a vital role in the management and prevention of a diabetic patient.
The diabetic prevention project demonstrate the life style modification , including intensive exercise , is more effective in preventing diabetes than pharmacological therapy and high lighted the role of trained professionals in motivating people to follow life style interventions.
physiotherapy leads to metabolic improvements even in the absence of weight loss, reducing the frequency of cardiovascular events and improving life expectancy. Effective exercise counseling ensures both cardio-respiratory and musculoskeletal fitness. This helps people with diabetes improve their quality of life, and contributes to overall control of blood glucose.
Physiotherapists can help people to maintain good blood glucose control and achieve optimal weight.
Most people with diabetes suffer from musculo-skeletal complains, which might include frozen shoulder, back pain or osteoarthritis. Many people with poorly managed type-1 diabetes develop a syndrome of limited joint mobility. Diabetic neuropathy that involves muscle wasting and weakening, especially in the thighs. Carpal tunnel syndrome and sciatica are other neurological conditions that are commonly suffered by people with diabetes.
Physiotherapy can play an important role in preventing and managing foot problems
Physiotherapy can play an important role in preventing and managing foot problems. Teaching the importance of correct walking and posture, along with the basic principles of off-loading when required, can prevent or stabilize a number of foot complications.
In people with skin ulcers, for example, which are typical in people with diabetes related foot problems, the effective use of crutches or foot splints can ensure off-loading and early healing.
Physiotherapeutic interventions, usually delivered on a one-to-one basis, are patient-centered, in line with the contemporary approach that all providers of chronic medical care, including endocrinologist, try to provide to people in their care. The time spent with the physiotherapist during the course of treatment can strengthen patient provider bonding and enhance communication. As the number of people with diabetes continues to rise, and as the existing diabetes population ages, the need of efficient physiotherapy services will continue to grow. Including specialized physiotherapists as equal members of the diabetes care team will help us to utilize their services effectively in order to improve the health and well-being of all people with diabetes.
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